At 6:49 on the 10 August , China Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in the "long march on the 4th C " carrier rocket successfully " on the 10th remote sensing satellite " into space.

Now launch for the " Disaster Prevention and Mitigation "seems unreasonable .

This summer has been forecast earlier this year, there will be extreme weather also proved that the South not long ago a serious flood situation , now 10, used to launch remote sensing , " Disaster Prevention and Mitigation , " it not be wise after the event ? What disaster this fall and winter it ? So the " Disaster Prevention and Mitigation "very reluctantly . Moreover , many satellites in the sky have been working , and now launch remote sensing 10 from the perspective of disaster prevention and mitigation is too late .

The real reason he is obviously another map .

Ten of Eight in the remote sensing , and some specifically mentioned "all weather" , or referred to synthetic aperture radar, these two points are related with the reconnaissance .

First, the census , it means a full range of ground and ocean observation , tracking, carrier battle group.

Second, detailed investigation is calibrated against the objectives that have been observed , one by one check , and then enter the new binding parameters provided to the relevant weapons systems, such as cruise missiles and ballistic missiles . If the objective features of the landscape and the shape has changed to TM to the parameters in a timely manner .

Da Buda is one thing to prepare is not ready is another matter , would rather not play a thousand days , no day without preparation ! To do be prepared for !

Preparations for military struggle is likely to become prepared for military struggle ! Most people think that the vertical attack aircraft missile hit the top , in fact, difficult to attack the top .

21 is a slash attack to its side of the side and deck , so to attack much larger area on the ( so-called shells and larger ), and direct threat to the waterline .

We can assume that men are led to do , just aim at head and aim it easier for the body and head who branded it ?

21 should be a L -type ballistic trajectory after reentry leveled deceleration , and then attack . Can not control the speed of re-entry , because the speed of the missile out of the atmosphere is high , even in the re-entry front brake and slow down the Earth 's gravity will continue to accelerate warhead ( meteorites will be destroyed , why can refer to meteorites burn ) Into the atmosphere of the black barrier section of the radar does not work , also need to slow down in order to target the radar and other equipment to time to adjust the trajectory , which need to be away for the time , so was L -type trajectory . To the warhead to target - adjusted - target time.

At 6:49 on the 10 August , China Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in the "long march on the 4th C " carrier rocket successfully " on the 10th remote sensing satellite " into space.

Medium-range missile re-entry speeds of up to 5 kilometers per second , equivalent to 15 times the speed of sound , the adjusted rate diminished .

L -type ballistic Another advantage to the interceptor missile interceptor aimed to increase the difficulty out of it running around in circles , but to adjust . Would not like to fight the bus, before a U.S. spy satellite the size of so easily , sinking long trajectory of satellites over 860 times the calculated .

Current U.S. standard 3 to intercept medium-range missile theoretically can , but I am afraid to deal with 21 very difficult. The main reason is because the L -type ballistic good defense, it means the missile 's head count of them. April 27, 2006 Long -4B Remote Sensing 1 ( Vanguard 5, FSW-5) synthetic aperture radar reconnaissance Taiyuan

May 25, 2007 Long -2D Remote Sensing 2 ( Vanguard 6 FSW-6) Jiuquan digital imaging optical reconnaissance

November 12, 2007 Long -4C Remote Sensing 3 ( Vanguard 7 FSW-7) synthetic aperture radar reconnaissance Taiyuan

December 1, 2008 Long -2D RS 4 ( Vanguard 6 FSW-6) Jiuquan digital imaging optical reconnaissance

December 15, 2008 Long -2C RS 5 ( Vanguard 7 FSW-7) synthetic aperture radar reconnaissance Taiyuan

April 22, 2009 Long -2C Remote Sensing 6 ( Vanguard 7 FSW-7) synthetic aperture radar reconnaissance Taiyuan

December 9, 2009 Long -2D Remote Sensing 7 ( Vanguard 6 FSW-6) Jiuquan digital imaging optical reconnaissance

December 15, 2009 Long -2D Remote Sensing 8 ( Vanguard 7 FSW-7) synthetic aperture radar reconnaissance Taiyuan

March 5, 2010 Long -4C Remote Sensing 9 ( Vanguard 6 FSW-6) Jiuquan digital imaging optical reconnaissance

August 10, 2010 Long -4C Remote Sensing 10 ( Vanguard 7 FSW-7) synthetic aperture radar reconnaissance Taiyuan

== a radar for a light , reflection, responsible for optical Jiuquan , Taiyuan launch radar

　　

" Remote Sensing Satellite on the 9th , " or for the military primarily for maritime surveillance

Remote sensing satellites launched by the five branches of Beijing ( Space Technology ) and the Shanghai Institute VIII (Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology ) developed . Carrying equipment from view, the five branches of the optical cameras, eight homes are radar camera , the features are different. Although the reports are monotonous , that is used to scientific experiments , land resources , crop yield assessment and disaster prevention and reduction and other fields. But in fact , still a great difference , the public report also said that the five branches of the star is " land resources survey , " the star eight homes is " land resources survey , " one word , there is a mystery , and then The " land resources " does not necessarily refers to China. Repeatedly firing is continuing to make progress , reflected in the respective rates , the estimated resolution of the optical camera should be in meters , with experts revealed that is has reached 0 . 5-0 . 7 meters , radar camera should be near or at the second Meters . From this view you can also peek inside the DF accuracy , CJ terrain matching , etc. , information immeasurable , to see you digging .

For the DF, CJ services much more than this How many pieces of remote sensing satellites , JB huge family , species are rather complete , and some have been " multiply " the future generations . Remote sensing on the 8th now seems not so simple , sing the main load in上海技物所,长春光机所things , so definitely with the " light " about , but the CZ-4C hit 1200KM high orbit, the height and Not meet the photo ah .

May be a new type , both "light" of several detection methods . The satellite to "see" the Earth did not doubt the problem is to (sea) on what should be the height of the satellite in 1200KM "see" ? So high , certainly not a high -resolution , small things can not see or not see , what What what " natural pet big thing " beyond the need for remote sensing on the 8th in the 1200KM with a " magnifying glass " always looking at ?

With the heat of the battle space , the United States, Russia and Europe , by now there are Japan and India . Everyone complaining about the " demilitarization of space , " the militarization of actually doing to prepare . " empty "is definitely there will be. Future space will also be "complex electromagnetic environment, " as many tricks and the ground .

Last year launched the " days of I-01 , " had no news since , said " for the manned space flight service "忽悠, it is not the task of 01 stars , is the second generation with the Big Dipper , " cooperation " for the DF31 , JL2 services .

Ocean surveillance satellites are divided into active and passive type , active -type ocean surveillance satellites carry large radar to scan the sea , by accepting the echo to determine the target location and characteristics , simply is a space-based ocean surveillance radar platform . And other platforms , like the active radar , active -type active -type ocean surveillance satellite positioning accuracy can be obtained more objective information, but prone to interference , the most important is the need for high-power energy . Soviet-era nuclear-powered satellites have been launched more power radar -based surveillance satellite, code series of satellites in the universe . 1980 Cosmos 954 crashed in Canada, satellites, nuclear power is a type of marine radar surveillance satellites ; passive surveillance satellite objectives through electronic devices intercepted radar signals emitted by time difference or baseline interferometric phase comparison method for target localization, And the traditional passive location facilities, the passive -type ocean surveillance satellites are hidden good advantage , but the positioning accuracy is much lower.

　　

China's Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the 9th of satellite remote sensing satellites .

Passive location method , the United States by the time difference location method , the best positioning accuracy of less than 4 km , the basic principle is the formation of three satellites were two baseline , a baseline measurement of radiated through the channel to the time difference between two satellites may A target distance difference to two satellites , using two satellites from the poor to focus on the formation of a rotating two- surface , through the formation of two pairs of two baseline surface and earth's surface , positioning the two intersection , and through other information excluded An intersection , the other point of intersection is the goal of which is the location of radiation sources . Contemporary Soviet Union is a single satellite positioning targeting baseline interferometry , the best positioning accuracy of approximately 6 to 10 km and, positioning method of payment is also a time difference location , but poor positioning accuracy of a single star . Soviet satellite positioning accuracy is the main reason for poor conduct baseline interferometry satellite positioning by satellite size restrictions limited the length of the baseline , and in a multi baseline positioning satellite satellite attitude also affected by the restrictions , strict control of roll and pitch Requires a high level of attitude control .

U.S. surveillance satellite structural components

Ocean surveillance satellites are used to detect , identify, track , locate and monitor surface vessels and submarines worldwide satellite activities , it can provide between ships , ship shore communication between the 20th century developed the very 70s Advanced satellite technology . Waters due to its broad coverage , sensing more and is active , so it 's a higher orbit , and more multi- satellite network system for continuous monitoring . E- ocean surveillance satellites and radar type is divided into two categories , it is the military alert and the development of an important branch of reconnaissance satellites . Since the advent of ocean surveillance satellites , widely used in detection and tracking of military ships at sea to detect various characteristics of ocean . Wave height , current strength and direction , sea surface wind speed, water temperature and salinity data , etc. , are extremely valuable military intelligence . The Soviet Union and the United States has launched such a satellite . The United States, "Ocean No. 1 " satellite can use its side-looking radar to monitor sea of small boats around the clock , it can detect the waves 10 cm high , however .

It is used to monitor submarine activity at sea ships , reconnaissance ships radar and radio communications satellites . World's first surveillance satellite of the Soviet Union on December 27, 1967 launch of " Cosmos "198 satellite , which is an experimental satellite . Soviet ocean surveillance satellites since 1973, entered the practical stage .

　　

U.S. E- ocean surveillance satellite components

The role of ocean surveillance satellites is to detect and monitor ships and submarines at sea activities . It requires monitoring in all weather conditions, sea , and effective identification of enemy ship formation , course and speed , accurately determine its location, can detect the submarine submerged underwater , tracking low-flying cruise missiles , target at sea for the operational command to provide dynamic information , for the weapon system -the-horizon target indicator for the safety of their ship and marine navigation features to provide sea surface conditions and other important data . In addition, it asked to detect a variety of ocean features, such as wave height, the strength and direction of ocean currents , sea surface wind speed and the nature of the coast , so for national economic construction.

In general , the need for objective monitoring of the ocean has the following characteristics: ( 1 ) geometric size larger, less demanding on the detection of spatial resolution ; ( 2 ) is usually a metal structure, radiation, visible light scattering properties and albedo Significant feature , especially for radio wave reflection with strong capacity to detect a radio detection of targets on the ocean an effective way ; ( 3 ) large Dushi campaign targets low-speed need not be applied to the high-speed moving targets to monitor the gaze means , but Require a high time resolution and high positioning accuracy of the speed and course were determined ; (4 ) times in the radiation of radio signals , can use electronic surveillance of technical approach to achieve objectives of the surveillance of the ocean .

In general, the ocean surveillance satellites should have a wide coverage to the discovery of the thinning sea targets; from the performance of weapons and combat the need to consider , marine target location accuracy must be better than 5km; as military intelligence is always a dynamic ocean , tracking and monitoring of marine targets , measuring position , speed and course , required time resolution of marine target surveillance system for at least 2 ~ 4h. Taking these considerations , the satellite has its own coverage of the large , high precision, short revisit time , detection means more features , making it a target for monitoring the marine effective way . Usually , we have formed from the ocean surveillance satellite system , known as the target satellite ocean surveillance system .

Being tested in the U.S. E- ocean surveillance satellite components

Ocean surveillance satellite is 70 years of the 20th century developed the advanced satellite technology . The former Soviet Union is the world's first development of the ocean surveillance satellites. World's first surveillance satellite is the former Soviet Union on Dec. 27, 1967 launch of the "universe -198 "satellite , which is a radar -based maritime surveillance Test Satellite (US-A). Since 1974 , the Soviet Union began to launch electronic reconnaissance -type ocean surveillance satellite (US-P). These two types of reconnaissance satellites were mixed in the " universe " satellite series . Later , due to thermal plasma reactors with US-A satellite crashed into the atmosphere twice , the former Soviet Union had to stop the launch of this satellite , while the full development of networking work with binary mode US-P satellite . As of the end of 1997 , US-P has launched 46 satellites , of which 24 belong to the basic model , after the 22 are modified (US-PM). From December 1971 the United States began to launch "to kill four-star "of the trial -type ocean surveillance electronic surveillance satellite . April 1976 launch of the official use of the first group of " clouds "was electronic surveillance -type ocean surveillance satellite, in 1977 and 1980 has the launch of the second and third groups . Currently, the U.S. is implementing the "Joint space-based wide area surveillance systems "(SBWASS-Consolidated) plan from " the Navy space-based wide area surveillance systems "(SBWASS-Navy) and " Air Force and Army space-based wide-area surveillance system " (SB-WASS-AirArmy) merger , both the Air Force 's strategic air and naval maritime surveillance needs. The United States in the development of " White Cloud "series , it also launched a code-named " Flying Bow " radar -based ocean surveillance satellites work , and has implemented a " Navy Marine Remote Sensing Satellite "(NROSS) in an attempt to use a weight of more Weight, greater inclination satellite , in order to meet defense and civilian needs . So far, only the United States and Russia, the two military powers up the use of satellite ocean surveillance satellite ocean target practical monitoring system . But India , France , Japan and other countries already have surveillance satellite, other countries are also being actively developed.

The world's goal of a typical satellite ocean surveillance system is the United States, " White Cloud (WhiteCloud) " system . The system in the late 60s of the 20th century building , in 1995 launched the last set of satellites, a total of three generations of development , " Bai Yun "series of e- type ocean surveillance satellites . " White Cloud "system by a master of each constellation satellites and three sub- satellite (SSU) composition . In which the main use of reconnaissance satellites, the primary means to obtain information , sub- satellites that are equipped with RF antennas , measured by the RF antenna arrival time of electronic signals , to calculate the signal Fashe Chu Jingque source Juli and Fang Wei .

　　

U.S. electronic component -type ocean surveillance satellite appearance

In contrast, the third generation of " cloud " over the previous two generations of satellites and technology in the functional density, greatly improved performance mainly reflected in : ( 1) the main satellite with a high "KH-11" satellite , and " lacrosse " replace the infrared imaging reconnaissance satellite and millimeter wave scanner device, so that the ocean surveillance satellites become available for dynamic targets fast positioning, with visible light , infrared , microwaves and other reconnaissance means of complex systems ; (2 ) introduction of new design Baseline ( positioning baseline length shortened by about 1 / 2) and improved detection and data forwarding device , the satellite lifted on Radio Astronomy Observatory interfere with , the work on the 1427 ~ 1434MHz transponders ; (3 ) In addition to carrying a passive radio frequency Sensor , it also carries electro-optical / infrared imaging sensors . So that satellites can detect submarines for the reactor cooling water discharge of more than trace , to the purpose of tracking submerged submarines ; ( 4) satellite system to monitor the marine targets larger , to each satellite 7000km2 reconnaissance area, in Under certain conditions, can also monitor the same target after 108min . 4 groups formed by the satellite system can on earth 40 ~ 60 ° latitude of any area more than 30 times a day surveillance . Thus, the layout structure, detection and data collection equipment, improved processing equipment such as the " cloud " systems (ie third generation) , on the Haiyangmubiao Jinhangjianshi the Dongtai area , real-time and accuracy of all Le Xing was Zhao 's Tigao Moreover, it is very easy to meet the requirements mentioned earlier, time resolution .

As the U.S. military " white clouds " top secret U.S. military satellites are technology, until now one can only speculate on some satellite components map to a satellite appearance and performance. The picture shows the American people speculate on the U.S. " clouds " the general structure of satellites .

Various types of equipment to bring the system to improve and increase performance , but also makes the three generations of " clouds "system weight and size of the satellite have been greatly increased. Among them, the third generation of " cloud " system main satellite weighs 7000kg, two generations before the main satellite weighing only 600kg; third-generation satellite system, the weight of the child has reached 300kg, far more than previous generations of sub- satellites weighing 45kg. However , although the weight and volume increased, but the third generation of " cloud "system features satellite denser , stronger technical performance , so that the overall marine objective of monitoring system performance is also greatly enhanced .

Marine target is an important function of monitoring system is to locate targets on the ocean . Target satellite ocean surveillance system has been used in single- satellite positioning methods are mainly multi- baseline TDOA location positioning and Samsung . The article described the " cloud "system is used in Samsung TDOA location method . Be noted that , similar to " cloud "systems that " a main three "type of marine target surveillance system is mainly achieved through the SSU sub- satellite positioning, while the main satellite is mostly used for other detection methods, such as imaging reconnaissance . Therefore , Samsung E- orientation is mainly based on satellite positioning program . This program technology is simple , efficient load technology matured , the signal Defen Xuan , pulse matching easy to solve , Constellation 's Shujuchuli Ke Yi Jin Xing in the ground , only the satellite with less time resolution can meet the requirements of target surveillance , is satellite ocean Target surveillance system to monitor and positioning an efficient solution. The basic principle is : measure the two satellite receiving surface of a time difference signal source ( the two satellites to the source distance difference ) , you can get to the two satellites as the focus of two- surface , and then another two satellites has Get another pair of curved , two pairs of curved lines and the ground at the turn of the intersection is the location of surface sources . Samsung TDOA location scheme using the satellite 's own attitude control accuracy can be reduced to 0. 5 ~ 0. 7 °, positioning the baseline can also be stretched as needed , positioning accuracy. However , it demands a high satellite orbit control , but also must have a strict time synchronization system . Therefore, to achieve the Samsung TDOA location , not only have high orbit control technology, high-precision clock technology, but also have inter-satellite links .

U.S. aircraft carrier strike capability with its powerful and fast mobility, a country on military and economic targets along the coast posed a grave threat. As a State maritime surveillance capabilities are sufficient to locate hundreds of kilometers coastline, the location of aircraft carrier battle groups , the face of the basic formation of a passive carrier beaten situation. So a country 's anti- aircraft carrier operations , we must first locate the aircraft carrier detect the problem . Only the enhancement of maritime surveillance capability , the establishment of a comprehensive space-based ocean surveillance system to effectively monitor the movement of U.S. aircraft carriers .

Schematic against sea targets

At present, the national surveillance system to monitor real-time satellite monitoring performance is still not ideal , wartime environment, but also by ocean monitoring satellite and ground-based Radar and remote surveillance and other precise positioning joint goals . From the graph you can see , first of all get through the preliminary information ocean surveillance satellites , through the relay satellite to transmit -the-horizon radar weather monitoring, conducting pre- combat reconnaissance and through surveillance satellites or targets for anti- aircraft carrier operations for Accurate information . If a country can set up a comprehensive marine monitoring system , timely and reliable manner to conduct surveillance aircraft carrier battle groups , is equivalent to offset the advantages of aircraft carrier battle groups in the motor . No mobility edge and land-based aircraft carrier battle groups in direct confrontation fighter inefficient , it actually resolved the great threat to aircraft carrier battle groups .

A source also speculated that remote sensing satellite on the 9th may constitute an intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance as part of the network , the network will include the shore -the-horizon radar, passive surveillance systems, airborne early warning and control aircraft and the future long-range unmanned aircraft In order to provide the desired anti-ship ballistic missiles targeting data .

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