At 12:55 on March 5, 2010, China's Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, Pioneer station using the long march on the 4th C rocket launched on the 9th of remote sensing satellites. The launch, space enthusiasts have been waiting a long time, not only because of experiencing long delays in launching, as well as China Central Television news there have been nine remote-sensing satellite fairing, its length far exceeds all previous remote-sensing satellite fairing, which had caused much speculation. Some enthusiasts believe that the large number of radar satellites, and some considered to be infrared early warning satellites, but will depend on the information to determine the official results announced.

All previous launches, the basic up to tens of minutes after launch will be able to see the official information, but after launching March 5, very long time from the official media, Xinhua News Agency and other official information. Many of the media that only China Central Television Noon News 13:30 mentioned the successful launch of remote sensing on the 9th, then this basis WASHINGTON released the news of the successful launch of remote sensing on the 9th, the authority of Xinhua News late, until 15 points, 23 points before release. Spring fashion shoes, the first layer of cow hot promotions in the ~ mall price is now 890 promotional price of 190 yuan

This sparked our interest, in the end what is load, it will be so mysterious? That night, CCTV news that the launch of satellite remote sensing on the 9th, one of the on-screen launch trajectory shows that this is a big task inclined orbit. By noon on March 6, North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) has finally released on the 9th of remote sensing satellite orbital information: 1083 x 1100 km x 63.4 deg, the orbit and the United States is almost the same as Baiyun ocean surveillance satellites, bringing the identity of remote sensing on the 9th almost certain.

March 5 march on the 4th C launch remote sensing satellite launch 9

However, at this time of TEL information NORAD, only a spatial object, which means that the rocket upper stages and satellites have not yet separated, but based on this information to determine the constellation clouds, remote sensing, on the 9th should also be two or three stars of the constellation of stars. Quickly, NORAD track information appearing on the second goal, to March 6 at night, NORAD gives the space remote sensing on the 9th of the six goals, six on the evening news in a "Central Military Commission to the Jiuquan Satellite Launch center emission test stations for collective merit of first ceremony was "a message that launch a complete success. To judge from the above sources, remote sensing, on the 9th days after the make up on the multi-satellite constellation for maritime surveillance missions.

Ocean surveillance satellites are divided into active-and passive, active-type ocean surveillance satellites carry a large radar to scan the sea, by accepting the echoes to determine the target location and identity, simply say that is a space-based ocean surveillance radar platform. And other platforms, like the active radar, active-type active-type ocean surveillance satellites high positioning accuracy and availability of more objective information, but susceptible to interference, the most important is the need for high-power energy. Soviet-era nuclear-powered satellites have been launched over the radar-based ocean surveillance satellites power, numbering in the universe series of satellites inside.

February 17 evening news longer appear fairing, from time to judge is the use of remote sensing satellites on the 9th

1980 crash of Cosmos 954 satellite in Canada, that is, a nuclear-powered radar-typeMarineSurveillance satellites; passive ocean surveillance satellites objectives through electronic devices intercepted radar signals emitted by transit-time, or baseline interferometric phase comparison method for target location, and theTraditionalPassive positioning facilities, the passive-type ocean surveillance satellites has the advantage of subtle and good, but the positioning accuracy is much lower. Passive positioning method, the United States using TDOA location method, the best positioning accuracy of less than four kilometers, its basic principle is the formation of three satellites were two baseline, a baseline by measuring the target radiation to the two satellite-channel time difference, too out the target to the distance between two satellites is poor, the use of distance difference to two satellite -FocusThe formation of a rotating two-surface, through the formation of two pairs of two baseline surface and intersects the Earth's surface, positioning two intersections, and through other information to exclude an intersection and another intersection point is the goal that is the location of radiation sources.

Contemporaries of the Soviet Union is a single-baseline interferometry satellite positioning for target positioning, the best positioning accuracy of approximately 6 to 10 km between the release location positioning method is also a time difference, but the single-satellite positioning accuracy of less. Soviet satellite positioning accuracy is the main reason is a satellite positioning on the baseline interferometry by a baseline length of the restricted size of the satellites is limited, but in a multi-baseline positioning satellite satellite attitude also affected by the restrictions and require strict control of roll and pitch , require a high level of attitude control. TDOA location at the same time with the need for high-precision clocks, which the Soviet Union's technology is also a test. In addition to positioning for the active-passive ocean surveillance satellites, ocean surveillance satellite system also includes the marine environmental monitoring and imaging, surveillance and other content, which is another topic of conversation.

The right side screen, Jiuquan launch long march on the 4th C carrier set aside a big dip

The launch of my country on the 9th of remote sensing satellites, and space targets from the orbital parameters of clouds to see it is similar to the U.S. system of marine surveillance constellation. Satellite surveillance system the United States Navy (Naval Ocean Surveillance Syste, NOSS) also known as white clouds system, the plan and the 20th century, the late 60s started to develop the third-generation constellation system. The first generation of NOSS constellations in 1976 to 1987 launch, respectively, numbered NOSS 1-1 to NOSS1-8, which NOSS 1-7 in 2005 to control the continued operation; second generation NOSS constellations from 1990 to 1996 of the between the launch, numbered NOSS 2-1 to the NOSS 2-3, which remains running NOSS 2-1; third-generation NOSS constellations adopted a new binary system, the third-generation NOSS constellations currently includes a total of NOSS 3-1 to the NOSS 3-4 4 group of satellites, NOSS 3-1 in 2001 launched a military satellite will not be disclosed because of what the details found only on the first launch of two satellites, but also have been mistaken there is a failure to separate satellite launch failures.

Even more dramatic is the U.S. military announced NOSS 3 is only one payload, the so-called second satellite is to launch the generation of orbital debris, but both produce the same four launches of the debris was too coincidental, but according to astronomy enthusiasts right track objective observation, the so-called orbital debris subsequently carried out a maneuver in orbit, allowing the U.S. Navy's strategy to deceive the final futile.

Data from orbit, said on the 9th China's remote sensing satellites and orbital constellation of three generations of NOSS are similar, March 7 People's Network reports that "members of the CPPCC National Committee, China DivisionCollegeAcademician Ye Chang'e One commander and chief designer to build a text message through poetry, to the presence of members and journalists to convey China's "stone Samsung" the successful launch of the news "to determine at this time can be very sure of remote sensing on the 9th is similar to NOSS 1 and NOSS 2 Samsung constellation.

From the Soviet Union to Russia, do not use the Samsung constellation for maritime surveillance position, the external line seems to cast a layer of mystery, will mistakenly believe that Samsung monitor the position is unattainable constellation of high -TechnologyIs not true, the Soviet UnionAgeThe use of a single-satellite positioning from a theoretical method that is also a transit-time multi-baseline positioning, is only a single star system, which enhances the profile of a single satellite control requirements, but less relative to the multi-satellite system to control the position error of the big trouble .

For my country, Samsung has had a long time difference between the pre-positioning constellation research. In accordance with national studies have shown that, Samsung TDOA location in order to obtain optimal positioning accuracy should be arranged as a Star Samsung spacing constraints the maximum allowable side length of equilateral triangle. Satellite orbit height was lower, the higher positioning accuracy, of course, naturally, the smaller the coverage area.

Legendary NOSS-1 satellite, NOSS appearance is a secret, outsiders can only guess

Of satellite position error for the positioning accuracy is also a great impact, ChinaArgumentBaiyun constellation when to target, set an orbital altitude of 1,000 kilometers, three stars when the 100 km distance, in order to meet the precision of curve such as the ground distance of 4 km more than 3,000 kilometers, the satellite position error must be less than 1 km. But this is only the minimum requirements 3 satellite constellation will cause the absolute position error can rotate error, consider the rotation curve positioning accuracy of error is approximately four sides of a square, in order to meet the precision of the ground 4 km, etc. area enclosed by curve length was longer than 3,000 km they are required rotation errors caused by the corresponding single-star position error is less than 50 meters at least, we can say that this is a very high orbit control requirements. The United States, NOSS 2-2 and 2-3 the reason why the outside world, to lose their surveillance capability is its constellation of satellites pitch in 2006 after an exception, even if the positioning accuracy is still in use will be dropped significantly.

The Taiwan issue, the U.S. military intervention, the aircraft carrier is precisely one of its main instruments. U.S. aircraft carrier strike capability for its powerful and fast mobility of China's coastal military and economic targets posed a grave threat. For a long time because of China's marine surveillance capability is insufficient to effectively locate hundreds of kilometers coastline, the location outside the aircraft carrier battle groups, in the face of basic aircraft carrier battle groups in a passive position beaten.

China's anti-aircraft carrier operations, must face the probe positioning the aircraft carrier issue. The Remote Sensing of China on the 9th passive surveillance constellation was successfully launched, will greatly improve China's maritime surveillance capability, the current surrounding waters can be achieved several times a day to visit. It is estimated that four groups of marine electronic reconnaissance satellite constellation that is sufficient to re-visit any region mid-latitudeTimeCompressed to 1 hour, which for the initial monitoring of a large ship targets have been sufficient. As the successor to the gradual launch of maritime surveillance constellation to meet the future of marine series of satellites, remote sensing series of imaging reconnaissance / SAR radar reconnaissance satellite further development, China will gradually establish a perfect space-based ocean surveillance system.

Schematic diagram of the fight against sea targets